{"id":1255,"date":"2022-05-10T14:29:48","date_gmt":"2022-05-10T11:29:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/?p=1255"},"modified":"2022-12-30T14:33:37","modified_gmt":"2022-12-30T11:33:37","slug":"ce-trebuie-sa-stiti-despre-compostarea-biologica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/chto-nuzhno-znat-o-biopreparatah-dlya-kompostirovaniya\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce trebuie s\u0103 \u0219ti\u021bi despre compostarea biologic\u0103?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Prin compostarea de\u0219eurilor organice \u00eentr-un amestec special, este posibil\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i fertilit\u0103\u021bii solului f\u0103r\u0103 costuri suplimentare,de aceia de mul\u021bi gr\u0103dinari \u0219i fermieri recurg la aceast\u0103&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preparatele bio: prelucrarea accelerat\u0103 a compostului<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Descompunerea unui amestec de de\u0219euri organice prin ac\u021biunea microorganismelor naturale \u0219i a biodestructorilor creeaz\u0103 compost. Bacteriile pentru compostare sunt create \u00een laboratoare \u0219i uscate,apoi amestecate cu substan\u021be nutritive folosind tehnologii moderne. Bacteriile, ciupercile, ciupercile de radia\u021bii \u0219i viermii descompun de\u0219eurile, sunt ajutate de diverse microorganisme. Transformarea gunoiului de grajd \u0219i a con\u021binutului toaletelor stradale \u00een fertilizare valoroas\u0103 este o magie. Preparatele de compostare sunt eficiente \u0219i diverse.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/3469855315_w640_h640-edited.jpg\" alt=\"-\" class=\"wp-image-1285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/3469855315_w640_h640-edited.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/3469855315_w640_h640-edited-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/3469855315_w640_h640-edited-1024x640.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/3469855315_w640_h640-edited-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/3469855315_w640_h640-edited-16x10.jpg 16w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/3469855315_w640_h640-edited-416x260.jpg 416w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/3469855315_w640_h640-edited-64x40.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prin crearea compostului, ajut\u0103m natura. \nCe se poate face cu ajutorul produselor biologice:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Preg\u0103tirea compostul rapid;<\/li><li>Elimina mirosurile neplacute;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Scapa de microorganisme d\u0103unatoare;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Scapa de semin\u021be de buruieni;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Hr\u0103ne\u0219te solul cu elemente valoroase.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Compostul ocup\u0103 un loc important celor ce au casa la \u021bar\u0103, el \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te solul \u0219i rezolv\u0103 problema elimin\u0103rii de\u0219eurilor vegetale pe amplasament. Se ob\u021bine ca urmare a descompunerii unui amestec de de\u0219euri organice diferite sub influen\u021ba microorganismelor naturale \u0219i a biodestructorilor pentru compostare. Dac\u0103 compostul este tratat cu preparate biologice speciale, procesul de compostare va merge mai intens. Dac\u0103 nu dori\u021bi s\u0103 a\u0219tepta\u021bi p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prim\u0103vara viitoare, pute\u021bi accelera semnificativ prelucrarea compostului cu ajutorul produselor biologice.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Utilizarea produselor biologice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, materialele de compost sunt plasate \u00een straturi de 15-20 centimetri fiecare, dup\u0103 care se prepar\u0103 un preparat pentru prelucrarea compostului \u0219i fiecare strat este udat cu acesta. La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul ud\u0103rii, gr\u0103mada de compost este cu siguran\u021b\u0103 umplut\u0103 cu p\u0103m\u00e2nt (p\u0103m\u00e2ntul trebuie s\u0103 fie de cel pu\u021bin 10% din masa total\u0103 de compost). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen timp ce compostul este procesat, este recomandabil s\u0103-l amesteca\u021bi \u0219i s\u0103-l hr\u0103ni\u021bi cu umiditate de cel pu\u021bin 1-2 ori pe lun\u0103, deoarece bacteriile produsului biologic au nevoie de oxigen. Temperatura aerului \u00een acest caz ar trebui s\u0103 fie de cel pu\u021bin + 10. Dac\u0103 aceste condi\u021bii sunt \u00eendeplinite \u0219i compostul este omogen, acesta se va coace complet \u00eentr-o lun\u0103 \u0219i jum\u0103tate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Descompunerea substan\u021belor organice este influen\u021bat\u0103 de mul\u021bi factori, dintre care ar trebui s\u0103 se disting\u0103 patru principale:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"505\" src=\"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/original-edited.jpg\" alt=\"-\" class=\"wp-image-1279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/original-edited.jpg 900w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/original-edited-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/original-edited-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/original-edited-16x9.jpg 16w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/original-edited-416x233.jpg 416w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/original-edited-64x36.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prezen\u021ba oxigenului. <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Produc\u021bia de Compost depinde de accesul la oxigen. Descompunerea aerob\u0103-\u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 bacteriile active din gr\u0103mada de compost au nevoie de oxigen, \u00een timp ce descompunerea anaerob\u0103-\u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 microorganismele active nu au nevoie de oxigen pentru a tr\u0103i \u0219i a cre\u0219te. Deoarece procesul de compostare \u00een sine nu are loc sub forma unei simple descompuneri a materialului surs\u0103 \u00een componente, ci reprezint\u0103 transform\u0103ri chimice multiple, este foarte util s\u0103 se asigure o alimentare constant\u0103 sau periodic\u0103 de aer proasp\u0103t pe \u00eentregul volum al materialului compostabil.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prezen\u021ba umidit\u0103\u021bii. <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Este necesar s\u0103 se men\u021bin\u0103 o umiditate ridicat\u0103 \u00een gr\u0103mada de compost, dar \u00een acela\u0219i timp este necesar s\u0103 se asigure accesul la aer pentru bacteriile aerobe. Diferite materiale au o capacitate diferit\u0103 de absorb\u021bie a apei \u0219i, astfel, determin\u0103 cantitatea de ap\u0103 necesar\u0103 pentru compostare. De exemplu, lemnul \u0219i materialele fibroase, cum ar fi coaja, rumegu\u0219ul, a\u0219chii, f\u00e2nul sau paiele, p\u0103streaz\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 75-85% umiditate. \"\u00cengr\u0103\u0219\u0103mintele verzi\", cum ar fi iarba \u0219i plantele de gazon, sunt capabile s\u0103 re\u021bin\u0103 50-60% umiditate. Con\u021binutul minim de umiditate la care se manifest\u0103 activitatea microorganismelor este de 45- 55%, optimul este de 60-70%. Evident, cu c\u00e2t umiditatea masei de compost este mai mic\u0103, cu at\u00e2t procesul de formare a compostului va fi mai lent. Experien\u021ba arat\u0103 c\u0103 umiditatea poate deveni un factor limitativ atunci c\u00e2nd scade sub 45-50%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Temperatura. <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 cum \u0219ti\u021bi, temperatura este cel mai puternic factor care afecteaz\u0103 rata reac\u021biilor chimice. Temperatura exterioar\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 \u00een timpul iernii \u00eencetine\u0219te procesul de descompunere, iar temperaturile calde de var\u0103 accelereaz\u0103 procesul. \u00cen lunile mai calde ale anului, activitatea microbiologic\u0103 intens\u0103 din interiorul gr\u0103mezii de compost duce la formarea compostului la temperaturi extrem de ridicate. Microbii care descompun materia organic\u0103 sunt \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bi\u021bi \u00een dou\u0103 categorii principale: mezosferici, cei care tr\u0103iesc \u0219i cresc la temperaturi de la +10% C la +45% C, \u0219i termofili, cei care cresc cu succes la temperaturi de peste +45% C. Cele mai multe gr\u0103mezi de compost trec prin stadiul termofil \u00een etapele ini\u021biale. \u00cen acest stadiu, substan\u021bele organice sunt deshidratate rapid \u0219i trebuie men\u021binute constant umede \u0219i ventilate. Temperatura din interiorul haldei de compost se ridic\u0103 la + 60% C sau + 70% C, ceea ce contribuie la neutralizarea termic\u0103 a materialului organic. La aceast\u0103 temperatur\u0103, semin\u021bele de buruieni \u0219i multe microorganisme patogene (fitopatogene) sunt distruse. Urm\u0103toarea etap\u0103 are loc la o temperatur\u0103 de aproximativ +40 C, \u00een timp ce predomin\u0103 alte microorganisme \u0219i are loc o descompunere mai complet\u0103 a materialelor organice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Structura materialului surs\u0103. <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu c\u00e2t materialul surs\u0103 este mai fin, cu at\u00e2t mai rapid are loc procesul de descompunere. De ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 asta? Evident, deoarece zona de contact a materialului cu alte substan\u021be active cre\u0219te semnificativ. Compara\u021bi suprafa\u021ba, de exemplu, a unei ramuri mici \u0219i a suprafe\u021bei tuturor rumegu\u0219ului, dac\u0103 aceea\u0219i ramur\u0103 este m\u0103cinat\u0103 \u00een rumegu\u0219 fin. De aceia m\u0103run\u021birea atent\u0103 a de\u0219eurilor accelereaz\u0103 semnificativ procesul de compostare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost.jpg\" alt=\"-\" class=\"wp-image-1205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost.jpg 680w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost-324x324.jpg 324w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost-416x416.jpg 416w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/ecoline.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekokompost-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Avantajele preparatelor de prelucrare a compostului<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Produsele biologice con\u021bin numai bacterii naturale, biologice.<\/li><li>Enzimele ad\u0103ugate \u00een compost accelereaz\u0103 ac\u021biunea bacteriilor.<\/li><li>Produsele de compostare ale companiei sunt inofensive pentru oameni, animale, insecte benefice \u0219i r\u00e2me.<\/li><li>Biobacteriile sunt foarte rezistente \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i p\u0103streaz\u0103 capacitatea de lucru pentru o lung\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp.<\/li><li>Preparatele sunt economice, deoarece cresc fertilitatea solului f\u0103r\u0103 prea multe cheltuieli.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>De aceea, fermierii \u0219i gr\u0103dinarii folosesc acest mod foarte convenabil de a fertiliza terenul.. \nCompania <a href=\"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">\u00abMasteco Grup\u00bb<\/a> ofer\u0103 la un pre\u021b ieftin  un <a href=\"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/produs\/biopreparat-ekokompost-250-g\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">preparat biologic pentru compost EKOKOMPOST, 250 g.<\/a>Comanda\u021bi \u00een magazinul nostru online <a href=\"\/ro\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">ecoline.md <\/a>num\u0103rul necesar de pachete de produse \nbiologice cu livrare \u00een toat\u0103 Moldova.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prin compostarea de\u0219eurilor organice \u00eentr-un amestec special, este posibil\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i fertilit\u0103\u021bii solului f\u0103r\u0103 costuri suplimentare,de aceia de mul\u021bi gr\u0103dinari \u0219i fermieri recurg la aceast\u0103&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[322],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1255"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1255\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1396,"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1255\/revisions\/1396"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1256"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoline.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}